装备采办中的讨价还价博弈模型

竞争性谈判是一种重要的武器装备采办方式，军方与承包商之间的谈判是一个重复博弈过程，双方谈判的本质是讨价还价。分析了轮流出价的讨价还价模型，对轮流出价博弈的子博弈精炼均衡进行了论述；在轮流出价模型的基础上建立了同时出价的讨价还价模型，并对2种模型的特点进行了分析；通过案例对2个模型的均衡结果进行了对比。分析结果显示：同时出价的讨价还价模型更能有效解决实际问题，更具有现实意义。     

在任职教育中开发学员任职经验的探讨

任职教育是在受训学员有着一定的任职经验基础上，提高岗位任职能力的一种短期培训。在教学实施过程中，必须注重挖掘任职经验，交流任职经验，再把经验上升为理论从而去指导部队实践。这种任职经验的开发，有利于在教学过程中按需施教，扩大师生的视野，丰富教学资源，实现理论与实践的统一，有效达成任职教育的目标。     

释放点排布方式对水雾红外遮蔽性能的影响

水雾作为一种优良的红外伪装措施，受到了越来越多的关注。水雾遮蔽性能的仿真研究也成为了关注的焦点，但是始终没有一种有效的仿真途径来探讨水雾释放点排布产生的影响。针对这一问题，基于高斯扩散理论与Mie散射理论，提出了一种空间划分的建模方案，解决了这一问题，并根据仿真结果，简单分析了相同条件下不同释放点排布方式对其红外辐射遮蔽性能的影响。所得结论对制定有效的红外对抗策略有一定的参考价值。     

基于灰熵方法的综合评估

以灰色系统理论中的灰靶技术为基础,在对原靶心度求解公式加以改进,给出了了一种系统效能的评定方法。首先用灰靶理论建立评定方法的数学模型,以能反映武器系统效能的战技性能指标构造各比较方案或模式的指标序列,进而求得各指标序列的标准模式。通过求各比较模式对标准模式的靶心度,并按大小排序,最终确定各比较方案效能的优劣。方法的计算过程为简单的代数运算,且不涉及传统方法中类似人工打分等带有一定主观性因素,所以,就同时满足可操作性和客观性而言,本方法较传统方法为优。     

基于Epsilon-Nash策略的动态武器-目标分配方法

在大型任务规划软件的作战单元任务分配中,搜索零和博弈问题的纳什均衡点是求解任务分配的一种有效的方法。然而,纳什均衡点在决策中并不一定总是存在且唯一,这造成了纳什均衡策略在实际使用时具有较大的局限。通过采用Epsilon-Nash策略克服这种局限,并将其应用于自主空战任务规划系统中,通过仿真实验,证实Epsilon-Nash策略具有近似于纳什策略的效果。     

Another manifestation of cyber conflict: attaining military objectives through cyber avenues of approach

Cyberspace is an avenue of approach through which a military force can attain objectives of value. Through these cyber avenues of approach, military forces can engage, vet, organize, and direct human agents to accomplish specific activities. Although the objectives of these activities could differ from traditional military objectives, they still have military relevance. This particular manifestation of cyber conflict is neither a new domain of war nor something outside of warfare. Rather, it can be viewed as an emerging avenue of approach in the larger context of military operations, auguring benefits in the integration of cyber activities with operations.     

Supply chain coordination with product line design and a revenue sharing scheme

Many manufacturers sell their products through retailers and share the revenue with those retailers. Given this phenomenon, we build a stylized model to investigate the role of revenue sharing schemes in supply chain coordination and product variety decisions. In our model, a monopolistic manufacturer serves two segments of consumers, which are distinguished by their willingness to pay for quality. In the scenario with exogenous revenue sharing ratios, when the potential gain from serving the low segment is substantial (e.g., the low‐segment consumers' willingness to pay is high enough or the low segment takes a large enough proportion of the market), the retailer is better off abandoning the revenue sharing scheme. Moreover, when the potential gain from serving the low (high) segment is substantial enough, the manufacturer finds it profitable to offer a single product. Furthermore, when revenue sharing ratios are endogenous, we divide our analysis into two cases, depending on the methods of cooperation. When revenue sharing ratios are negotiated at the very beginning, the decentralized supply chain causes further distortion. This suggests that the central premise of revenue sharing—the coordination of supply chains—may be undermined if supply chain parties meticulously bargain over it.     

An integrated electric power supply chain and fuel market network framework: Theoretical modeling with empirical analysis for New England

In this article, we develop a novel electric power supply chain network model with fuel supply markets that captures both the economic network transactions in energy supply markets and the physical network transmission constraints in the electric power network. The theoretical derivation and analysis are done using the theory of variational inequalities. We then apply the model to a specific case, the New England electric power supply chain, consisting of six states, five fuel types, 82 power generators, with a total of 573 generating units, and 10 demand market regions. The empirical case study demonstrates that the regional electric power prices simulated by our model match the actual electricity prices in New England very well. We also compute the electric power prices and the spark spread, an important measure of the power plant profitability, under natural gas and oil price variations. The empirical examples illustrate that in New England, the market/grid‐level fuel competition has become the major factor that affects the influence of the oil price on the natural gas price. Finally, we utilize the model to quantitatively investigate how changes in the demand for electricity influence the electric power and the fuel markets from a regional perspective. The theoretical model can be applied to other regions and multiple electricity markets under deregulation to quantify the interactions in electric power/energy supply chains and their effects on flows and prices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

电力系统电压稳定分析方法及应用

介绍了电力系统电压稳定性的概念及其分类，对电压稳定性的静、动态分析方法进行了介绍和比较，最后综合运用连续潮流法、模态分析法、分岔理论以及时域仿真法对WSCC9节点系统进行了电压稳定性分析，结果表明综合方法能充分利用各种方法的优点，分析的结果是有效可靠的。     

基于博弈论的装备采办成本控制问题研究

从武器装备采办的理论需求出发,以博弈论为理论工具,对武器装备采办过程中的生产成本控制问题进行了分析;建立了基于激励的生产成本控制模型,并对成本控制模型的特点进行了分析和解释;针对军方在激励合同执行过程中有可能出现的2类错误,对成本控制模型进行了优化。在非对称信息条件下,优化后的成本控制模型不但能有效减少2类错误的发生,而且可提高军方装备采办效用,减少代理方合同风险。